Cov ntsiab lus sib txawv cuam tshuam li cas rau titanium?

Ntshiab titanium muaj cov yas zoo tab sis tsis tshua muaj zog thiab tsis muaj cua sov tsis zoo, ua tsis tau raws li qhov siab -kawg yuav tsum muaj ntawm aerospace, kev kho mob, kev tsim kho hauv hiav txwv thiab lwm yam haujlwm. Los ntawm kev ntxiv cov alloying sib txawv, cov microstructure thiab cov khoom ntawm titanium tuaj yeem raug tswj kom ua tiav cov titanium alloys nrog kev ua tau zoo dua.

 

Tus yuam sij rautitanium alloysnyob rau hauv kev siv titanium's allotropic transformation ntawm 882 degree. Los ntawm peb hom alloying ntsiab- -stabilizing cov ntsiab lus, -stabilizing cov ntsiab lus thiab nruab nrab cov ntsiab lus- qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm thiab theem yog hloov kho kom haum raws li lub zog, kub kuj thiab toughness, yog li ua tau raws li cov kev cai nruj heev rau kev pab cuam ntawm txawv teb.

 

 

 

-stabilizing cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ua haujlwm kom nce titanium qhov -transus kub thiab nthuav dav -theem cheeb tsam, ua kom cov hlau muaj qhov ruaj khov ntawm chav tsev thiab qhov kub thiab txias, yog li txhim kho siab - kub lub zog, corrosion kuj thiab weldability.

 

Aluminium yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws -stabilizing lub caij thiab muaj nyob rau hauv yuav luag tag nrho cov titanium alloys, hu ua "core strengthener". Nws txhim kho lub zog los ntawm kev sib zog ua kom muaj zog thiab ua tiav lub teeb yuag vim nws qhov ntom ntom (2.7g / cm³). Txawm li cas los xij, ib qho txhuas cov ntsiab lus siab tshaj 7wt.% nyhav rau nkig Ti₃Al theem thiab txo cov yas, yog li nws feem ntau tswj ntawm 5% -6%.

 

Boron, oxygen thiab nitrogen kuj yog rau -stabilizing cov ntsiab lus. Boron zoo li "vitamin". Ib tus lej tuaj yeem kho cov nplej thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm. Oxygen thiab nitrogen tuaj yeem ntxiv dag zog rau titanium tab sis txo qis nws cov yas, ua rau lawv cov impurities uas yuav tsum tau tswj nruj. Kev tswj hwm cov ntsiab lus hydrogen yuav tsum tau ua thaum smelting los tiv thaiv hydrogen embrittlement.

 

 

Contrary to -stabilizing cov ntsiab lus, -stabilizing cov ntsiab lus qis dua -transus kub thiab nthuav lub cheeb tsam -theem, tso cai rau cov alloy khaws cov theem ruaj khov tom qab quenching. Lawv txhim kho lub zog los ntawm kev daws teeb meem thiab kev laus thaum ua kom cov yas, toughness thiab processability. Lawv muab faib ua ob pawg: isomorphous thiab eutectoid -stabilizing ntsiab.

 

Isomorphous -Stabilizing Elements

Molybdenum muaj qhov ua kom muaj zog zoo tshaj plaws, txhim kho chav / siab -kub lub zog, hardenability thiab thermal stability, thiab yog dav siv nyob rau hauv siab - kub titanium alloys.

 

Vanadium cov ntaub ntawv Ti6Al4V nrog titanium thiab txhuas, accounting rau ntau tshaj 50% ntawm lub lag luam titanium alloy. Cov hlau no muaj lub zog siab, corrosion kuj thiab weldability, thiab yog siv rau hauv aerospace, shipbuilding thiab lwm yam kev lag luam.

 

Niobium exerts ib tug me ntsis ntxiv dag zog rau cov nyhuv thiab zoo heev txhim kho plasticity thiab toughness, ua rau nws ib tug ntau xaiv rau kev kho mob titanium alloys.

Tantalum muaj zog ntxiv zog thiab siab ceev, txhim kho oxidation thiab corrosion kuj, thiab tsuas yog siv me me nyob rau hauv siab -kawg alloys.

 

Eutectoid -Stabilizing Elements

Chromium muaj zog thiab siab plasticity. Nws tuaj yeem ua kom muaj zog los ntawm kev kho cua sov, thiab siv rau hauv siab - lub zog ntawm cov khoom siv.

 

Hlau, muaj zog -stabilizing lub caij nrog tus nqi qis, tuaj yeem hloov vanadium tab sis muaj qhov tsis zoo thermal stability thiab muaj feem cuam tshuam rau kev sib cais.

 

Silicon, ib txoj kab ntxiv tuaj yeem txhim kho lub zog thermal thiab kub ua haujlwm, thiab nws feem ntau yog siv rau hauv siab - qhov kub thiab txias Cheebtsam ntawm aero- cav.

 

 

Cov ntsiab lus nruab nrab muaj me ntsis cuam tshuam rau titanium's -transus kub. Lawv atomic loj thiab cov khoom nyob ze rau cov titanium, tso cai rau infinite cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si thiab theem. Lawv feem ntau sib npaug kev ua haujlwm ntawm alloy thiab txhim kho siab - qhov kub thiab txias yam tsis hloov titanium cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb. Zirconium thiab tin yog cov feem ntau siv.

 

Zirconium muaj cov khoom zoo sib xws rau titanium, nrog rau chav tsis muaj zog -kub ntxiv zog, tab sis tuaj yeem txhim kho thermal zog thiab ruaj khov ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, thiab dav siv nyob rau hauv siab - kub titanium alloys.

Tin muaj ib chav txawm tsis muaj zog-kub ntxiv zog thiab tuaj yeem txhim kho thermal zog. Thaum ua ke nrog txhuas, nws tuaj yeem ua kom zoo dua siab dua -kub kev ua haujlwm.

 

 

Hauv kev siv tswv yim, ib lub ntsiab lus tsis tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm kev ua haujlwm nyuaj. Feem ntau cov tswv yim titanium alloys txais yuav ntau -cov qauv tsim kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo los ntawm kev faib ua feem.

Ti6Al4V yog tus sawv cev classic. Ua ke nrog txhuas thiab vanadium, nws tsim ib + duplex qauv, integrating zog, plasticity, toughness thiab weldability.

 

High -kub titanium alloys , piv txwv li Ti60 thiab Ti65, ua kom muaj kev sib koom ua ke los ntawm cov khoom xws li txhuas, zirconium thiab molybdenum, nrog rau qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov av tsis tshua muaj. Lawv tuaj yeem siv tau siab dua 600 degree, rhuav tshem cov thev naus laus zis txawv teb chaws.

 

Kev kho mob Ti29Nb13Ta4.6Zr alloy yog tsim los ntawm -stabilizing ntsiab xws li niobium thiab tantalum. Nws muaj ib qho elastic modulus ze rau ntawm tib neeg cov pob txha thiab zoo heev biocompatibility, thiab yog dav siv nyob rau hauv kev cog qoob loo xws li cov pob qij txha thiab pob txha.

Alloys zoo li IMI834 thiab Ti1100 rau aero- cav muaj qhov sib piv ntawm cov txhuas, tin, molybdenum thiab silicon, khaws cov kev nkag tau zoo heev ntawm 600 degree, thiab yog cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau compressor hniav thiab discs.