Titanium - cov ntaub ntawv raws li cuam tshuam li cas rau roj teeb?

Kev kho dua tshiab ntawm cov khoom siv roj teeb ua haujlwm tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam. Vim nws cov peev txheej ntau, kev phooj ywg ib puag ncig, cov qauv siv lead ua ruaj khov, thiab kev nyab xeeb zoo, titanium tau dhau los ua cov khoom tseem ceeb rau cov roj teeb uas muaj zog xws li lithium - ion thiab sodium - ion roj teeb.

Kev cia siab rau ntau hom kev sib txawv thiab cov qauv tsim tshiab, titanium- cov ntaub ntawv tsim tawm tshiab hauv cov roj teeb ib txwm muaj. Nws ua tau raws li qhov ceev- them cov kev xav tau ntawm cov roj teeb hluav taws xob thiab lub neej ntev - lub neej xav tau ntawm lub zog khaws cia, thiab tsim cov qauv tshiab rau lub zog cia.

Lithium titanate (Li₄Ti₅O₁₂), Nws "zero-strain" tus yam ntxwv tuaj yeem tiv thaiv electrode pulverization thiab electrolyte decomposition, ua rau lub roj teeb muaj lub neej voj voog ntau tshaj 20,000 zaug.

Lub 1.55V kev khiav hauj lwm voltage platform ntawm lithium titanate tuaj yeem cuam tshuam lithium dendrite kev loj hlob, tiv thaiv ignition thiab tawg nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav, ua rau nws tsim nyog rau siab - cov xwm txheej xws li chaw nres tsheb roj hluav taws xob thiab cov roj teeb hluav taws xob. Tom qab kev ua kom zoo ntawm nanostructure thiab conductive network, nws cov ion diffusion tus nqi tau txhim kho, ua tiav ultra- them ceev ntawm 90% hauv 6 feeb. Tam sim no, cov khoom siv no tau siv rau hauv 3C ceev-them roj teeb, tsheb npav fais fab, chaw nres tsheb fais fab thiab lwm qhov chaw. Thaum sib txuam nrog ternary / lithium manganate cathodes, lub roj teeb lub zog tshwj xeeb nce mus txog 70-120Wh / kg, nrog cov zis hluav taws xob xws li 2.2V txog 3.2V.

Hauv kev txiav- kev tshawb fawb ntug, lub perovskite- qauv titanium-raws li cov khoom siv Li₂La₂Ti₃O₁₀ qhia hauv Nature txhim kho lub zog ntawm titanium-cov pa oxygen covalent daim ntawv cog lus los ntawm pseudo-JahnTeller ua haujlwm qis{5}, 0,5v ua. Qhov nruab nrab tawm hluav taws xob ntawm lub roj teeb tag nrho yog nce 50%, thiab lub peev xwm tseem tshuav 100mAh / g ntawm qhov ceev tam sim no ntawm 4A / g. Qhov no rhuav tshem qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm kev nyab xeeb siab thiab lub zog tshwj xeeb, qhib txoj hauv kev tshiab rau tiam tom ntej ntawm kev ceev ceev{13}}them roj teeb.

Vim muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov khoom siv sodium ntau, sodium- ion roj teeb tau dhau los ua cov lus qhia tseem ceeb rau loj - teev lub zog cia. Txawm li cas los xij, kev ua haujlwm tsis txaus ntawm lawv cov anodes txwv kev lag luam. Titanium-raws li cov khoom sib txuas tau dhau los ua cov neeg sib tw anode vim lawv cov peev txheej ntau, tus nqi qis, thiab cov qauv ruaj khov.

Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) yog ib qho ntawm cov kev kawm titanium nrov tshaj plaws -raws li anodes. Nws cov qauv anatase theem yog qhov tsim nyog rau sodium ion intercalation, nrog lub ntim me me hloov thaum lub sij hawm them nqi thiab tawm, lub peev xwm theoretical ntawm 335mAh / g, thiab muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm ntawm 0.3-1.0V uas tuaj yeem zam kev pheej hmoo ntawm sodium deposition. Nws cov sodium cia yog ua raws li kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev sib koom ua ke thiab qhov chaw pseudocapacitance, nrog kev thim rov qab Ti⁴⁺/Ti³⁺ cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev txhawb nqa. Los ntawm cov kev hloov kho xws li nanostructure tsim thiab carbon txheej, tus nqi kev ua tau zoo thiab lub voj voog ruaj khov ntawm TiO₂ tau txhim kho tau zoo.

Sodium titanium phosphate (NTP) muaj NASICON-hom peb- qhov ntev ntawm cov txheej txheem nruj nrog cov kev thauj mus los tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam, qhov ntim hloov pauv tsawg dua 3%, thiab kev ruaj ntseg zoo heev. Txawm hais tias nws lub peev xwm theoretical ntawm 133mAh / g yog nyob rau theem nruab nrab, tus nqi hloov pauv impedance raug txo los ntawm kev hloov kho xws li kev tsim cov ntxeem tau thiab cov khoom siv doping, ua rau kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm cov nqi siab.

Txheej titanates (piv txwv li, Na₂Ti₃O₇) muaj qhov theoretical muaj peev xwm ntawm 200mAh / g, tsim nyog rau tsawg-voltage application scenarios. Tom qab lub caij doping thiab electrolyte optimization, sodium ion diffusion kinetics thiab lub voj voog ruaj khov tau txhim kho ntxiv, ua rau muaj ntau yam kev siv ntawm sodium - ion roj teeb.

Kev txhim kho ntawm titanium- cov khoom siv roj teeb raws li nyob rau hauv peb lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb: kev txhim kho kev ua haujlwm, kev tswj hwm tus nqi, thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov xwm txheej. Nanostructure tsim, tsis xws luag engineering, composite hloov kho, thiab kev tswj interface yog cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb los txhim kho lawv cov kev ua tau zoo:

Morphology optimization shortens ion thauj txoj kev, carbon txheej thiab conductive txheej daws teeb meem conductivity, lub ntsiab doping thiab oxygen vacancy qhia txog kev txhim kho electrochemical kev ua si, thiab electrolyte optimization tsim ib tug ruaj khov SEI (Solid Electrolyte Interphase) txheej.

Kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov thev naus laus zis pab titanium- cov ntaub ntawv raws li cov khoom tawg los ntawm lub fwj hauv lub peev xwm, tus nqi, kev ua tau zoo, thiab lwm yam, ua kom paub txog qhov dhia los ntawm kev tshawb fawb hauv chav kuaj mus rau daim ntawv thov kev lag luam.